Introduction
The Vice President election in India procedure is a constitutionally defined process that ensures the democratic selection of the second-highest constitutional office in the country. The Vice President plays a crucial role as the ex-officio Chairman of the Rajya Sabha and acts as the President when the office of the President becomes vacant. Understanding the election procedure helps citizens and aspirants grasp how India upholds its democratic values.
Constitutional Provisions
The Vice President election in India is governed by Article 66 of the Indian Constitution. The office is modeled on democratic principles, ensuring free and fair elections. The Election Commission of India (ECI) conducts the election under the Presidential and Vice-Presidential Elections Act, 1952 and the rules of 1974.
Eligibility Criteria for Vice President
To contest the election for Vice President, a candidate must meet the following requirements:
- Be a citizen of India.
- Be at least 35 years of age.
- Be qualified to be elected as a member of the Rajya Sabha.
- Not hold any office of profit under the Union, State, or local government.
Nomination Process
Candidates for the Vice President’s office need proper support from lawmakers. The process includes:
- At least 20 Members of Parliament must propose the nomination.
- At least 20 Members of Parliament must second the nomination.
- A security deposit of ₹15,000 must be submitted along with the nomination papers.
This process ensures that only serious candidates contest for the position.
Electoral College for Vice President
Unlike the President’s election, which involves both Parliament and State Legislatures, the Vice President is elected only by Members of Parliament.
- Electoral College includes:
- All elected members of the Lok Sabha.
- All nominated and elected members of the Rajya Sabha.
- Members of State Legislative Assemblies do not participate.
This limited electoral base makes the election unique.
Voting Procedure
The Vice President election in India procedure uses the single transferable vote (STV) system with proportional representation. The key features are:
- Voting is done by secret ballot.
- Members rank candidates in order of preference.
- To win, a candidate must secure more than 50% of the valid votes cast.
This system ensures that the elected Vice President has broad acceptance across political lines.
Term and Oath of Office
The Vice President serves a five-year term, though re-election is allowed. The oath of office is administered by the President of India or a designated person.
Conclusion
The Vice President election in India procedure ensures transparency, fairness, and democratic legitimacy. With its unique electoral college, nomination process, and proportional voting system, the process reflects India’s commitment to democratic governance. Understanding this system is vital for students, aspirants, and every citizen who values the Constitution.
